(Food-Beverage-News.Com, June 04, 2013 ) San Francisco, CA -- In a new study, researchers found that children born to mothers who slimmed down due to gastric bypass surgery had genetic differences than their siblings who were born before their mother had the procedure done. Those genetic improvements included heart and inflammatory health, as well as insulin resistance for her children.
Maternal obesity is an imprinting mark that has an effect on the DNA of children that can impact their health and have a negative effect on their gene expression, including increasing the risk of a chronic disease.
The study, lead by head researcher and author Marie-Claude Vohl of the Institute of Nutrition and Functional Foods at Laval University was published in the Proceedings of National Academy of Sciences on May 27. The researchers looked at 50 children who were born to 20 mothers before or after they had gastric bypass surgery. On average, those children were 15 years old.
All of the moms, whose ages ranged from 35-51 were classified as obese before they had gastric bypass, specifically biliopancreatic diversion with duodenal switch procedures. On average, the mothers lost 100 pounds after the surgery.
The scientists discovered that almost 6,000 genes in children born after their moms had the surgery were expressed differently from their siblings who were born while their mother was obese. The gene changes suggest that the children born after would have better chances of being healthier and less risks of chronic illnesses. Specifically, many of the ways the genes were methylated, or altered which changed their expression, had to do with insulin resistance, which is one of the major causes of diabetes, both in type 1 and type 2.
In addition, children who were born after the surgery had lower blood pressure, smaller waists and hips, and better fasting insulin levels.
Women who are obese when they become pregnant have a higher risk for gestational diabetes, going into labor prematurely, and having babies with birth defects, specifically related to the neural tube. Their babies are also more likely to suffer injuries such as shoulder dystocia during birth and have a higher risk for childhood obesity.
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